Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (A) is one of the most common ocular tumors. It is typically a unilateral tumor with slow, progressive growth and rare metastasis. Risk factors include ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure, smoking, human papillomavirus infection, and human immunodeficiency virus infection⁽¹⁾. Treatment options may involve topical chemotherapy agents and immunomodulatory drugs like 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (B)⁽²⁾. Intraocular invasion after primary treatment is uncommon and may be prevented by adjuvant brachytherapy following tumor resection (C)⁽³⁾.

REFERENCES

1. Cruzado-Sánchez D, Salas-Diaz M, Tellez WA, Alvarez-Matos SE, Serpa-Frías S. Interferon alpha-2a as alternative treatment for conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2017;92(11):539-42. English, Spanish.

2. Yeoh CH, Lee JJ, Lim BX, Sundar G, Mehta JS, Chan AS, et al. The management of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN). Int J Mol Sci. 2022;24(1):713.

3. Cano-Suárez MT, Saornil-Álvarez MA, García-Álvarez C, López-Lara F, Frutos-Baraja JM, García-Lagarto E. Infiltrative intraocular conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma after local resection and brachytherapy: clinical and pathological findings. Ocul Oncol Pathol. 2017;3(3):216-9.

Submitted for publication: December 10, 2024.
Accepted for publication: December 11, 2024.

Informed consent was obtained from all patients included in the study.

Funding: This study received no specific financial support.

Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.