Guardians of the ocular surface: lessons learned from a challenging case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis with eyelid involvement

Cyrino, Laura Goldfarb; Cesar, Andrea Santucci; Zumblick, Lia; Kato, Juliana; Picciarelli, Patricia; Santo, Ruth Miyuki

doi:10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0007

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Guardians of the ocular surface: lessons learned from a challenging case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis with eyelid involvement

Laura Goldfarb Cyrino¹; Andrea Santucci Cesar²; Lia Zumblick¹; Juliana Kato²; Patricia Picciarelli²; Ruth Miyuki Santo²

DOI: 10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0007

ABSTRACT

Langerhans cell histiocytosis comprises a heterogeneous range of clinical manifestations secondary to clonal proliferation of histiocytes, characterized by the accumulation of these cells in various organs and tissues. The ophthalmological component commonly involved is the orbit. Herein, we report a rare case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis with eyelid involvement, which resulted in severe ocular surface complications, which subsequently significantly impacted the patient's quality of life. This case report highlights the fact that despite being rare, Langerhans cell histiocytosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of eyelid lesions. Furthermore, a multidisciplinary approach with a systemic overview is crucial for managing the ocular complications.

Keywords: Dry eye syndromes; Erdheim-Chester disease/drug therapy; Human; Female; Case reports