Ana Carolina Lourenço Veloni Longhim; Fernando Chahud
DOI: 10.5935/0004-2749.2023-0338
ABSTRACT
Vascular anomalies comprise a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations related to disturbances in the blood or lymph vessels. They correspond to mainly tumors (especially hemangiomas), characterized by high mitotic activity and proliferation of the vascular endothelium, and malformations, endowed with normal mitotic activity and no hypercellularity or changes in the rate of cell turnover. However, the classifications of these lesions go beyond this dichotomy and consist various systems adapted for and by different clinical subgroups. Thus, the classifications have not reached a consensus and have historically caused confusion regarding the nomenclatures and definitions. Cavernous venous malformations of the orbit, previously called cavernous hemangiomas, are the most common benign vascular orbital lesions in adults. Herein, we have compiled and discussed the various evidences, including clinical, radiological, morphological, and molecular evidence that indicate the non-neoplastic nature of these lesions.
Keywords: Orbital neoplasms; Vascular malformations; Vascular system injuries; Cavernous hemangioma; Cavernous venous malformations; Biomakers, tumor; Endothelium, vascular; Cell proliferation
THE CONTENT OF THIS ARTICLE IS NOT AVAILABLE FOR THIS LANGUAGE.
© 2024 - All rights reserved - Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia
Read in English
English PDF
Print
Send this article by email
How to cite this article
Submit a comment
Mendeley
Pocket
Share on Facebook
Share on Twitter
Share on Linkedin
Share on WhatsApp
